Breast Cancer: Am I At Risk?

The only thing that may feel more frightening than a breast cancer diagnosis is living in fear of a cancer diagnosis.

Whether it's a close friend or family member who has faced the painful ordeal of a breast cancer diagnosis, the worry that you may someday deal with this disease first-hand can be overwhelming. As more people discuss their breast cancer diagnosis and as we learn more about risk factors and breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations, you may start to wonder if you are at risk. Or, you may want to know in general what risks you can eliminate.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. In Ireland, one in nine women will develop breast cancer at some stage of their life, according to Breast Cancer Ireland. Early detection is key, and it's important to know your body and what signs to look for, and if you are at risk.

Breast Cancer Risks May Include

• Age – your chance increases with age.
• Family history – having a mother or sister with breast cancer.
• Menstruation history – especially onset of menstruation at an early age (under 12).
• Reproductive history – older age at first birth or never having given birth.
• Dense breast tissue.
• Having a gene mutation (BRCA gene).
• Treatment with radiation therapy to the breast or chest (as an infant or child).
• Taking hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone (after menopause).
• Drinking alcohol.
• Race.
• Obesity.

The best approach to monitoring your risk for developing breast cancer is by following recommended screening guidelines. Early screening has been shown to save the most lives from breast cancer. Just as with any medical advice, a woman should discuss the risks and benefits of screening with her doctor. Women of higher risk should consider starting their screenings at an earlier age.

Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer

Undergoing testing can reveal a potentially higher risk for developing breast cancer. One of the most common genetic markers associated with inherited breast or ovarian cancer susceptibility is a mutation in the BRCA genes. These gene mutations can be passed down by a mother or a father. Typically, you must have a diagnosis of breast or ovarian cancer, or have a family history of these cancers in a number of family members to qualify for genetic testing.

Genetic testing information may help you:

• Learn if you have an increased likelihood of developing breast cancer.
• Discover if inherited factors have contributed to your or a family member's cancer.
• Make more informed medical decisions.

You should always talk to your doctor about your risks and to see if genetic testing is right for you.

About UPMC Hillman Cancer Centre

Read more about UPMC Hillman Cancer Centre services in Ireland.